Can biofilms cause antibiotic-resistant UTIs?
Yes, biofilms—clusters of bacteria protected by a sticky matrix—can make UTIs resistant to antibiotics, leading to chronic or recurrent infections.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Bacteria within biofilms are up to 1,000 times more resistant to antibiotics than free-floating bacteria. They can persist on the bladder wall, catheters, or stones, requiring prolonged or specialist treatment. NHS antimicrobial resistance info: NHS.
Clinical Context
We investigate and manage biofilm-related UTIs: Recurrent UTI Clinic.
Evidence-Based Approaches
Biofilm infections often require specialist care. NHS: antibiotic resistance.