What are severe lichen sclerosus complications?
Severe lichen sclerosus can cause chronic pain, loss of vulval architecture, sexual dysfunction, narrowing of the vaginal opening, urinary issues, and increased risk of vulval cancer if left untreated.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Untreated or advanced lichen sclerosus leads to scarring, labial fusion, narrowing of the introitus, clitoral phimosis, persistent fissures, and chronic pain. These can result in difficulties with urination and sexual intercourse, and negatively affect quality of life. Long-term inflammation increases the risk of vulval squamous cell carcinoma (3–5% lifetime risk). Early and regular treatment minimises complications. Further information at NHS and British Association of Dermatologists.
Clinical Context
Early recognition and ongoing specialist care help avoid severe complications. Our clinic supports women at every stage of management: Vulval Skin Conditions Clinic.
Evidence-Based Approaches
Potent topical steroids, regular follow-up, and prompt review of any suspicious lesion are standard. See NICE BNF.