What birth control methods increase UTI risk?
Diaphragms and spermicidal birth control methods (creams, gels, foams, sponges) increase UTI risk in women. Other methods, like condoms without spermicide and hormonal options, do not carry the same risk.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Spermicides can disrupt the balance of healthy vaginal bacteria, making infections more likely. Diaphragms can press on the urethra, causing bacteria to be trapped. Hormonal birth control (pills, patches, injections, IUDs) generally do not increase UTI risk. NHS: Contraception and UTIs.
Clinical Context
Clinics may advise changing contraception for women who experience recurrent UTIs with spermicide or diaphragm use.
Evidence-Based Approaches
NHS and NICE recommend non-spermicidal contraception for women prone to UTIs.