How is lichen sclerosus diagnosed definitively?
Lichen sclerosus is usually diagnosed clinically by a specialist through examination of the skin’s appearance. A biopsy may be needed if the diagnosis is uncertain or if there are changes suspicious for cancer.
Detailed Medical Explanation
The diagnosis is typically made by a gynaecologist or dermatologist based on visual findings: white, shiny, thin patches of skin with possible scarring. If the appearance is atypical or does not respond to standard treatment, a small punch biopsy under local anaesthetic can confirm the diagnosis. Biopsy also rules out vulval cancer. See NHS and BAD for further details.
Clinical Context
Our clinic provides full diagnostic evaluation and second opinions: Vulval Skin Conditions Clinic.
Evidence-Based Approaches
Clinical exam by an experienced specialist is usually sufficient, but biopsy is sometimes needed. See NHS.