How does fractional CO2 laser differ from traditional CO2 laser?
Fractional CO2 lasers deliver laser energy in tiny columns (microbeams), creating controlled zones of tissue injury and leaving surrounding tissue untouched, which helps speed up healing. Traditional CO2 lasers treat the whole area, causing more widespread tissue ablation and a longer recovery.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Fractional CO2 lasers, as used in many modern vaginal treatments, create microscopic thermal columns in the vaginal mucosa. This approach promotes collagen remodelling while preserving the integrity of surrounding tissue, leading to quicker healing and fewer side effects. Traditional CO2 lasers ablate the entire treated area, which increases the risk of complications, such as scarring and infection, and prolongs recovery. Fractional technology has therefore become the preferred approach in gynaecological laser procedures due to its balance of efficacy and safety. See NIH review and RCOG patient guidance.
Clinical Context
Fractional CO2 lasers are now preferred for gynaecological applications, as they offer similar benefits to traditional systems but with less downtime and improved patient satisfaction. A thorough assessment ensures suitability, and treatments should only be performed by clinicians trained in vaginal laser procedures.
Evidence-Based Approaches
Studies show that fractional CO2 lasers improve GSM symptoms effectively with a lower risk profile. However, NICE and RCOG highlight the importance of more long-term, high-quality data. Alternative therapies such as topical oestrogens are first-line. Learn more at BNF Menopause and NICE guidance.