Does vaginismus always occur with dyspareunia?
No, while vaginismus and dyspareunia often occur together, they are separate conditions. Vaginismus involves involuntary tightening of the vaginal muscles, which can cause or worsen pain with penetration.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Vaginismus is the involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, making penetration difficult or impossible. While most women with vaginismus will experience some pain (dyspareunia), not all dyspareunia is caused by vaginismus. Other causes of painful sex include infections, hormonal changes, and pelvic disorders. Accurate diagnosis is important for effective treatment. NHS: Vaginismus.
Clinical Context
Specialist assessment can differentiate vaginismus from other causes of painful sex. Pelvic floor therapy and psychosexual counselling are effective for vaginismus-related pain.
Evidence-Based Approaches
NICE and BASHH guidelines recommend an individualised approach, addressing both physical and psychological aspects for best results. BASHH: Vaginismus.