Can childbirth cause pelvic organ prolapse?
Yes, childbirth—especially vaginal delivery—is a major risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse. The process of labour and delivery can stretch or weaken pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues, leading to a higher risk of prolapse later in life.
Detailed Medical Explanation
Vaginal delivery can cause stretching, tearing, or nerve injury in the pelvic floor, especially with prolonged labour, instrumental deliveries, large babies, or multiple births. These injuries may not cause immediate prolapse, but can increase risk over time. Caesarean birth reduces the risk but does not eliminate it entirely. Pelvic floor muscle training after childbirth can help recovery and reduce future risk. (NHS: Causes of prolapse | NICE NG123)
Clinical Context
Childbirth is the leading modifiable risk factor for prolapse, especially after multiple vaginal births. Women with symptoms after delivery should seek assessment and begin pelvic floor exercises as soon as comfortable.
Evidence-Based Approaches
NICE recommends pelvic floor education for all women after childbirth. Early intervention may improve long-term pelvic health outcomes.